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烘(hong)干室(shi)種(zhong)類及烘(hong)干過程

烘(hong)(hong)干(gan)(gan)室(shi)根據(ju)其(qi)形(xing)狀(zhuang)，有死端式(shi)(shi)(shi)和通過(guo)(guo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)兩大(da)(da)類。死端式(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)于(yu)間(jian)歇式(shi)(shi)(shi)生產方式(shi)(shi)(shi)，通過(guo)(guo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)都用(yong)于(yu)流水線生產方式(shi)(shi)(shi)，并(bing)有單行(xing)(xing)程、多(duo)行(xing)(xing)程之(zhi)區(qu)別。通過(guo)(guo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)按外(wai)(wai)形(xing)分(fen)，又有直(zhi)(zhi)通式(shi)(shi)(shi)、橋(qiao)式(shi)(shi)(shi)和“ II ”形(xing)之(zhi)分(fen)，一(yi)般地(di)，直(zhi)(zhi)通式(shi)(shi)(shi)烘(hong)(hong)干(gan)(gan)室(shi)熱(re)(re)量外(wai)(wai)溢較大(da)(da)，但設(she)備較矮；橋(qiao)式(shi)(shi)(shi)烘(hong)(hong)干(gan)(gan)室(shi)較長、空(kong)間(jian)較高。但熱(re)(re)量外(wai)(wai)溢較小；“ II”型烘(hong)(hong)干(gan)(gan)室(shi)除(chu)了長度(du)比橋(qiao)式(shi)(shi)(shi)短外(wai)(wai)，其(qi)他方面跟(gen)橋(qiao)式(shi)(shi)(shi)差不多(duo)。單行(xing)(xing)程烘(hong)(hong)干(gan)(gan)室(shi)結構相對簡(jian)單，但設(she)備長、占(zhan)地(di)面積(ji)(ji)大(da)(da)；多(duo)行(xing)(xing)程烘(hong)(hong)干(gan)(gan)室(shi)結構較復雜，設(she)備較短，減少占(zhan)地(di)面積(ji)(ji)，有利車間(jian)平面布置(zhi)；并(bing)行(xing)(xing)式(shi)(shi)(shi)設(she)備則有利于(yu)提(ti)高保溫性并(bing)減少占(zhan)地(di)面積(ji)(ji)；雙層烘(hong)(hong)干(gan)(gan)室(shi)可(ke)充(chong)分(fen)利用(yong)空(kong)間(jian)高度(du)，減少占(zhan)地(di)面積(ji)(ji)。

烘干過程

涂(tu)(tu)(tu)膜(mo)在烘(hong)干室內(nei)的整(zheng)個(ge)烘(hong)干過程，分別經過升(sheng)溫(wen)(wen)、保(bao)溫(wen)(wen)和(he)冷卻(que)三個(ge)階(jie)段(duan)(duan)在升(sheng)溫(wen)(wen)段(duan)(duan)，涂(tu)(tu)(tu)層溫(wen)(wen)度由室溫(wen)(wen)逐漸升(sheng)至烘(hong)干工藝(yi)溫(wen)(wen)度，使(shi)濕涂(tu)(tu)(tu)膜(mo)中溶劑(ji)90%以(yi)上(shang)在此階(jie)段(duan)(duan)散發逸出，所需時(shi)間約在5~10min以(yi)內(nei)。時(shi)間長短依涂(tu)(tu)(tu)膜(mo)不出現外觀缺(que)陷來確定。一般(ban)地，高沸點溶劑(ji)升(sheng)溫(wen)(wen)時(shi)間可短，低沸點溶劑(ji)升(sheng)溫(wen)(wen)速(su)度宜慢，以(yi)免(mian)溶劑(ji)沸騰。

由于在升溫(wen)段溶劑迅速揮發，必(bi)須加強通風來排除溶劑蒸氣并(bing)補充(chong)新鮮(xian)空氣，另(ling)外加熱(re)工件又消(xiao)耗大(da)量(liang)熱(re)量(liang)，因此(ci)烘干時大(da)部分熱(re)量(liang)消(xiao)耗在升溫(wen)段。

在保(bao)(bao)溫階段，保(bao)(bao)溫時間(jian)由涂膜化(hua)(hua)學交聯反應所需(xu)的固化(hua)(hua)工藝時間(jian)所決，只需(xu)較少的熱量和新鮮空氣來(lai)補償排出的溶劑(ji)氣體。冷(leng)卻(que)段采(cai)用強制冷(leng)卻(que)方法使工件迅(xun)速冷(leng)卻(que)到 40℃以(yi)下，以(yi)便馬上進行下道(dao)工序(xu)的作業(ye)，保(bao)(bao)證(zheng)流(liu)水線正常地運作下去(qu)。如(ru)果采(cai)取自然冷(leng)卻(que)，大(da)約需(xu)要20~30min才能降至30~40℃，這只能滿足(zu)間(jian)歇(xie)式生產方式。

烘干(gan)室按(an)加熱方式(shi)分成對流式(shi)，熱輻(fu)射式(shi)及輻(fu)射對流復(fu)合式(shi)等